The article considers relevant to modern education problems associated with the construction and organization of experimental work in school, as a practical way of development of innovative processes in education.The article is devoted to the disclosure of theoretical and methodological bases of construction of experimental work as a synthesis of study of the experience of actual practice of education and construction of the implementation of the pedagogical experiment in the sphere of school education. The object and subject of experimental work is not so much the pedagogical process itself, but a human activity that is included in it. Contents of experimental work on education in the modern school is represented through the interaction and interpenetration of science and practice in their unity as a system of directions, methods and forms of professional activity of teachers in the realization and implementation of new models of teaching experience.Selected significant factors contributing to the experimental education in school: research and methodological support, professional and personal community of teachers, incentives and support for teachers and others.