article is devoted the analysis of unconscious tendencies of the person - archetypes. The understanding unconscious and its structures in different theoretical concepts is discussed. Difference of understanding of an archetype in various areas of a science is given. The concept архетипической identity is entered. It is considered classifications of archetypes and a number of problems of the archetypes connected with classification is called. The archetype structure is discussed. The author's understanding structure архетипической is given to the identity consisting of three cultural-historical layers, in each of which the features are allocated